Which of the following is a fundamental of the Offense that involves resolving complex problems and situations?

The fundamental of the Offense that involves resolving complex problems and situations is "Develop the Situation." This principle is crucial because it emphasizes the importance of gathering timely and relevant intelligence, assessing battlefield conditions, and adapting to unexpected developments during an operation. By developing the situation, commanders are better equipped to make informed decisions that can lead to effective action against the enemy.

This approach allows for flexibility and responsiveness in combat operations, facilitating adjustments based on the evolving dynamics on the field. The successful development of the situation ensures that forces can exploit opportunities, mitigate risks, and respond to the enemy’s actions more effectively.

In contrast, attacking from the flank primarily focuses on attacking enemy positions from advantageous angles, which can be significant but does not inherently involve problem resolution. Similarly, surprising the enemy may create tactical advantages, yet it is an established method rather than a mental or operational process for navigating complexities. Lastly, utilizing combined arms is about coordinating different military branches and assets effectively, which is important but relates more to execution than the broader understanding and situational awareness required to resolve complex problems.